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Freenet is a peer-to-peer platform for censorship-resistant communication. It uses a decentralized distributed data store to keep and deliver information, and has a suite of free software for publishing and communicating on the Web without fear of censorship.〔(What is Freenet? ), ''Freenet: The Free network official website''.〕〔Taylor, Ian J. ''From P2P to Web Services and Grids: Peers in a Client/Server World''. London: Springer, 2005.〕 Both Freenet and some of its associated tools were originally designed by Ian Clarke, who defined Freenet's goal as providing freedom of speech on the Internet with strong anonymity protection.〔 (Archived at WebCite ) (The Guardian writes about Freenet (Ian Clarke's response) ) (Archived at WebCite )〕 ==History== The origin of Freenet can be traced to Ian Clarke's student project at the University of Edinburgh, which he completed as a graduation requirement in the Summer of 1999. Ian Clarke's resulting unpublished report "A distributed decentralized information storage and retrieval system" (1999) provided foundation for the seminal paper written in collaboration with other researchers, "Freenet: A Distributed Anonymous Information Storage and Retrieval System" (2001).〔Ian Clarke. (A distributed decentralised information storage and retrieval system ). Unpublished report, Division of Informatics, University of Edinburgh, 1999.〕〔Ian Clarke, Oskar Sandberg, Brandon Wiley, and Theodore W. Hong. (Freenet: A Distributed Anonymous Information Storage and Retrieval System ). In: Proceedings of the International Workshop on Designing Privacy Enhancing Technologies: Design Issues in Anonymity and Unobservability. New York, NY: Springer-Verlag, 2001, p. 46-66.〕 According to CiteSeer, it became one of the most frequently cited computer science articles in 2002.〔(CiteSeer: Freenet: A Distributed Anonymous Information Storage and Retrieval System (2001) )〕 Researchers suggested that Freenet can provide anonymity on the Internet by storing small encrypted snippets of content distributed on the computers of its users and connecting only through intermediate computers which pass on requests for content and sending them back without knowing the contents of the full file, similar to how routers on the Internet route packets without knowing anything about files—except Freenet has caching, a layer of strong encryption, and no reliance on centralized structures.〔 This allows users to publish anonymously or retrieve various kinds of information.〔 Freenet has been under continuous development since 2000. After Version 0.7 (2008) was released, it offered two modes of operation: a darknet mode in which it connects only to friends, and an opennet-mode in which it connects to any other Freenet user. Both modes can be run simultaneously. When a user switches to pure darknet operation, Freenet becomes very difficult to detect from the outside. The transport layer created for the darknet mode allows communication over restricted routes as commonly found in mesh networks, as long as these connections follow a small-world structure.〔Singh, Munindar P. The Practical Handbook of Internet Computing. Boca Raton, Fl.: Chapman & Hall, 2005.〕 The distributed data store of Freenet is used by many third-party programs and plugins to provide microblogging and media sharing,〔, german article, 2010〕 anonymous, decentralised version tracking, blogging, a generic web of trust for decentralized spam resistance, Shoeshop for using Freenet over Sneakernet, and many more. Freenet has always been free software, but until 2011 it required users to install Java. This problem was solved by making Freenet compatible with OpenJDK, a free and open source implementation of the Java Platform. On 11 February 2015, Freenet received the SUMA-Award for "protection against total surveillance."〔(SUMA Award ), 11 February 2015.〕〔(recording of the SUMA Award Ceremony 2015 ), published on 14 April 2015.〕〔(SUMA Award für das Freenet Projekt ) Jo Bager in Heise online, 2015〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Freenet」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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